Which services should a solutions architect recommend be hosted on the public subnet?

Explanations:

A NAT gateway is hosted in a public subnet to enable instances in private subnets to access the internet for updates or patches.

Amazon RDS DB instances should be hosted in a private subnet to protect database resources from direct internet exposure.

An Application Load Balancer should be in a public subnet to receive traffic from the internet and direct it to backend resources.

EC2 application servers should be in private subnets to enhance security by not exposing them directly to the internet.

Amazon EFS volumes are accessed via network file systems and are typically hosted in private subnets, not needing internet exposure.