Which option is a customer responsibility under the AWS shared responsibility model?

Explanations:

The maintenance of underlying hardware for Amazon EC2 instances is the responsibility of AWS, as it falls under the infrastructure layer.

Application data security is the customer’s responsibility, as they must implement controls to protect their data within the cloud environment.

Physical security of data centers is managed by AWS, ensuring that the facilities housing the infrastructure are secure.

Maintenance of VPC components is primarily the responsibility of AWS, although customers manage their own VPC configurations and security settings.