Which AWS services or resources can the developer use to meet these requirements?

Explanations:

Amazon DynamoDB is a fully managed NoSQL database that can be used to store session state externally. It allows scalable and reliable storage of session data across EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group.

Amazon Cognito is primarily used for user authentication and authorization, not for storing session state. While it handles user sessions, it is not designed for storing arbitrary application session data.

Amazon ElastiCache provides in-memory data stores such as Redis or Memcached, which are ideal for externalizing session state. These services offer fast access to session data across distributed instances.

An Application Load Balancer (ALB) distributes traffic to EC2 instances but does not store or manage session state. It is used for routing traffic based on HTTP/HTTPS rules, not for persisting session data.

Amazon Simple Queue Service (SQS) is a message queuing service designed for decoupling and asynchronous communication between components. It does not provide functionality for managing session state.