Which AWS service or feature should the developer use to provide these credentials?

Explanations:

IAM policies define permissions for IAM users, groups, and roles, but they do not provide temporary security credentials.

IAM user groups are collections of IAM users that simplify management and permissions but do not issue temporary security credentials.

AWS Security Token Service (AWS STS) is designed specifically to provide temporary security credentials for AWS services, enabling secure access.

AWS IAM Identity Center (AWS Single Sign-On) allows for single sign-on capabilities and managing access, but it does not directly provide temporary security credentials.