What should a solutions architect do to retrieve this information?

Explanations:

This command retrieves the IAM role information associated with the EC2 instance by accessing the instance metadata at the specified URL. The URL provides details such as the IAM role name and its associated information in JSON format.

This command attempts to access user data instead of instance metadata. User data is typically used for initial configuration and is not the correct method to retrieve IAM role information.

This command accesses the instance identity document, which contains information about the instance itself, such as its ID and region, but does not provide IAM role information.

This command uses the AWS CLI to get information about an instance profile, but since the user does not have IAM permissions, they cannot execute this command successfully.