How can a solutions architect achieve this objective?
Create a site-to-site VPN connection between the private subnet and the network in which the public site is deployed.
Create a NAT gateway in a public subnet. Route outbound traffic from the private subnet through the NAT gateway.
Create a network ACL for the private subnet where the EC2 instance deployed only allows access from the IP address range of the public website.
Create a security group that only allows connections from the IP address range of the public website. Attach the security group to the EC2 instance.
Explanations:
A site-to-site VPN connection is used to securely connect two networks but does not facilitate outbound internet access for the EC2 instance while hiding its IP address.
A NAT gateway in a public subnet allows instances in a private subnet to access the internet for downloads while keeping their private IP addresses hidden from the public website.
A network ACL that restricts access only allows inbound traffic from the specified IP range, but it does not facilitate outbound internet access for downloads. Additionally, it does not hide the instance’s IP address when accessing external sites.
A security group allowing connections only from the public website’s IP range does not provide outbound internet access for the EC2 instance. Furthermore, this would expose the instance to that IP range instead of hiding it.
To the best of my knowledge, the answer is:
Create a NAT gateway in a public subnet. Route outbound traffic from the private subnet through the NAT gateway.