What should a solutions architect recommend?
Create an Amazon S3 bucket and call the service APIs from each instance’s application.
Create an Amazon S3 bucket and configure all instances to access it as a mounted volume.
Configure an Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) volume and mount it across all instances.
Configure an Amazon Elastic File System (Amazon EFS) file system and mount it across all instances.
Explanations:
Amazon S3 is an object storage service, not designed for shared file system access across multiple EC2 instances. While S3 can be accessed via APIs, it does not provide the required performance for real-time shared data access as needed for EC2 instances in the VPC.
S3 cannot be mounted as a traditional file system like a block or network file system, so this option is not feasible for the use case of mounting across multiple instances.
Amazon EBS volumes are designed for use with a single EC2 instance at a time. While you can attach an EBS volume to other instances, it cannot be simultaneously mounted on multiple instances across Availability Zones.
Amazon EFS provides a scalable, managed NFS file system that can be mounted across multiple EC2 instances simultaneously in different Availability Zones within a VPC, meeting the requirement for high performance and data sharing.
I sort that the answer is:
Configure an Amazon Elastic File System (Amazon EFS) file system and mount it across all instances.