How should the company meet these requirements?
Shut down the EC2 instance. Enable multi-AZ replication within the EC2 instance, then restart the instance.
Launch a secondary EC2 instance running MySQL. Configure a cron job that backs up the database on the primary EC2 instance and copies it to the secondary instance every 30 minutes.
Migrate the database to an Amazon RDS Aurora DB instance and create a Read Replica in another Availability Zone.
Create an Amazon RDS Microsoft SQL DB instance and enable multi-AZ replication. Back up the existing data and import it into the new database.
Explanations:
Enabling multi-AZ replication within an EC2 instance is not a valid approach. Multi-AZ replication is a feature provided by Amazon RDS, not EC2 instances.
This approach involves manual backups and copying between EC2 instances, which can be error-prone, inefficient, and does not provide high availability or automatic failover.
Migrating to Amazon RDS Aurora with a Read Replica in another Availability Zone ensures high availability, durability, and automatic failover, while minimizing application changes.
Migrating to an Amazon RDS Microsoft SQL DB instance is unrelated to MySQL, and changing to a different database engine (SQL Server) is not a minimal change for the application.
I suspect that the answer is:
Migrate the database to an Amazon RDS Aurora DB instance and create a Read Replica in another Availability Zone.