How should a solutions architect design the architecture to meet these requirements?

Explanations:

Amazon FSx File Gateway is primarily used for integrating on-premises environments with cloud storage. It does not provide the necessary features and performance required for SQL Server and is not optimal for file sharing between tiers. Additionally, hosting all three tiers on EC2 would require manual management of SQL Server, which contradicts the requirement for using features like native backups and Data Quality Services.

Hosting all three tiers on Amazon EC2 instances allows for full control over the SQL Server environment, enabling the use of specific SQL Server features such as native backups and Data Quality Services. Amazon FSx for Windows File Server is a fully managed native Windows file system, making it suitable for sharing files between the application, business, and database tiers effectively.

While hosting the application and business tiers on EC2 and using Amazon RDS for SQL Server can simplify management and backups, it limits the use of certain SQL Server features such as Data Quality Services, which are not available in RDS. Additionally, Amazon EFS is not the optimal solution for SQL Server file sharing needs, as it is not designed specifically for Windows environments and may lead to performance issues.

Hosting the application and business tiers on EC2 and the database tier on Amazon RDS restricts access to specific SQL Server features like Data Quality Services. Using a Provisioned IOPS SSD (io2) Amazon EBS volume for file sharing is not suitable, as EBS volumes are not directly accessible for sharing files between EC2 instances. This architecture does not meet the requirements for effective file sharing and SQL Server feature usage.