Which solution will satisfy these requirements?
Configure Amazon EFS storage and set the Active Directory domain for authentication.
Create an SMB file share on an AWS Storage Gateway file gateway in two Availability Zones.
Create an Amazon S3 bucket and configure Microsoft Windows Server to mount it as a volume.
Create an Amazon FSx for Windows File Server file system on AWS and set the Active Directory domain for authentication.
Explanations:
Amazon EFS (Elastic File System) does not support integration with Active Directory for authentication, making it unsuitable for a solution requiring Active Directory access control.
While an AWS Storage Gateway file gateway can create SMB file shares and can be configured for high availability, it does not natively support Active Directory integration for access control in the same way that an FSx solution does.
Amazon S3 is an object storage service and does not support SMB or Active Directory authentication directly. Mounting S3 as a volume requires additional configurations, which do not meet the requirements for seamless Windows file storage integration.
Amazon FSx for Windows File Server provides fully managed Windows file storage, supports SMB protocol, and can be integrated with Active Directory for authentication, thus satisfying the requirements of high availability and access control.
It seems to me that the answer is:
Create an Amazon FSx for Windows File Server file system on AWS and set the Active Directory domain for authentication.