Which solution will meet these requirements MOST cost-effectively?

Explanations:

General Purpose SSD (gp2) volumes have a maximum IOPS limit of 16,000 IOPS per volume, but they do not allow for provisioning IOPS independently of storage capacity. While it can handle the 15,000 IOPS under peak conditions, the performance can fluctuate based on the size of the volume, making it less suitable for consistent high IOPS performance.

Provisioned IOPS SSD (io1) volumes allow for provisioning IOPS independently of storage capacity. However, they are generally more expensive than gp3 volumes. While it can meet the IOPS requirement, it may not be the most cost-effective option compared to gp3, which can also meet the IOPS needs at a lower cost.

General Purpose SSD (gp3) volumes allow for provisioning IOPS independently of storage capacity and can be configured to provide up to 16,000 IOPS and 1,000 MB/s throughput. This makes it the most cost-effective option for the given requirements, as it can efficiently support the 15,000 IOPS requirement without the higher costs associated with io1 volumes.

EBS magnetic volume types have significantly lower maximum IOPS performance compared to SSD types and are not designed for high IOPS workloads. They are also less cost-effective for high-performance database workloads and would not meet the 15,000 IOPS requirement effectively.